Ankara Map

Ankara, historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the bustling capital city of Turkey. With a rich history dating back to various ancient civilizations, Ankara is now a modern city that serves as the country’s administrative and political hub. It is Turkey’s second-largest city after Istanbul, boasting a population of over 5 million within its metropolitan area as of the end of 2022.

Geographic Essence

Ankara is centrally located in the Anatolian region, surrounded by the provinces of Eskişehir to the west, Kırıkkale to the east, Bolu to the north, and Konya to the south. The city spans 2,452 square kilometers, with an urban sprawl covering 2,767 square kilometers. At an elevation of 938 meters above sea level, Ankara’s landscape offers a mix of urban development and natural beauty, defined by the prominence of the Aare River and the surrounding steppe vegetation.

The city’s development is centered around a historic hill crowned by Ankara Castle, with its ancient foundations still visible. Modern Ankara has expanded significantly, incorporating advanced infrastructure and urban planning to accommodate its growing population. The business district of Söğütözü and landmarks like the Atakule Tower and Anıtkabir are testaments to the city’s evolution from an ancient to a contemporary urban center.

Climate Characteristics

Ankara’s climate is classified as cold semi-arid, with continental influences resulting in hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. The city’s location contributes to significant seasonal variations in temperature, with an average annual temperature of 12.6°C. Despite its dry region, Ankara maintains a reputation as a green city due to its ample public parks and green spaces.

Demographic Profile

The population of Ankara has seen a steady increase over the years, with notable growth in the last two decades of the 20th century. This growth was spurred by migration from rural areas as well as the planned status of the city after it became the Republic’s capital in 1923. The increase in population resulted in the expansion of the city beyond its planned capacities, giving rise to gecekondu settlements. These settlements, characterized by their illegal status and lack of urban planning, have been undergoing transformation into organized housing developments.

Ankara’s diverse population includes a significant number of residents from various regions of Turkey, making it a cultural melting pot. The city reflects a blend of traditions and modernity, with a high literacy rate and a strong emphasis on education. Ankara’s population is educated well above the national average, with a considerable proportion of residents holding advanced degrees.