Ireland
The Republic of Ireland, known simply as Ireland, occupies most of the island of Ireland, off the coast of England and Wales. Its closest neighboring country is the United Kingdom, sharing a border to the north with Northern Ireland. With a lush landscape, rich history, and vibrant culture, Ireland stands as a unique entity in Europe and the world.
Location and Geography
Ireland’s geography is diverse, with central plains surrounded by a ring of coastal mountains. The island’s lush vegetation, a product of its mild climate and frequent rainfall, earns it the nickname “Emerald Isle.” The Atlantic Ocean’s moderating influence grants Ireland a temperate maritime climate.
The island covers 70,273 square kilometers, where the River Shannon marks the longest flowing river, and Carrauntoohil in County Kerry stands as the highest peak. The rugged western coastline is punctured by bays, inlets, and islands, while the east, with rolling hills and flat farmland, hosts the majority of the population.
Demographics
As of the 2022 estimate, Ireland’s population is over 5.28 million. Dublin, the capital, is the largest city and the epicenter of Irish politics, finance, arts, and education. The nation is predominantly composed of ethnic Irish, but it has grown more diverse. Poles, Lithuanians, and other groups form significant communities, contributing to Ireland’s multiculturalism.Christianity, particularly Roman Catholicism, plays a pivotal role in Irish culture and identity, although there has been a significant rise in secularism and other faith expressions. Ireland’s constitution acknowledges the special position of the Catholic Church and recognizes other religious communities.